- The full US Constitution was embedded into the Bitcoin block 951,492.
- The inscription cost 113,454 satoshis, roughly $83, and weighed 44.4 kilobytes in size.
- The identity of the person behind the transaction has not been publicly disclosed.
The full text of the United States Constitution has been inscribed on the Bitcoin blockchain, embedded in block 951,492.
The inscription, which weighed 44.4 kilobytes and cost 113,454 satoshis or $83, used an OP_RETURN output to write America’s founding document directly into Bitcoin’s transaction history. According to sources, the document now sits immutably on the world’s most decentralised network, where it cannot be edited, removed, or censored by any authority.
What Was Inscribed
The blockchain record begins with the Constitution’s preamble in full: “We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity.”
The document continues through all seven articles, covering the structure of Congress, the powers of the House of Representatives, and the broader framework of American governance, exactly as ratified in 1787.
How It Was Done
Bitcoin’s OP_RETURN function allows data to be permanently written into the blockchain alongside standard financial transactions. Once a block is confirmed and buried under subsequent blocks, the data it contains becomes effectively immutable.
The Constitution’s inscription in block 951,492 will remain readable for as long as the Bitcoin network operates, accessible to anyone anywhere in the world without permission from any institution or government.
The identity of the person behind the transaction has not been disclosed.
The Broader Significance
The inscription arrives as debate around Bitcoin’s use case beyond financial transactions continues to grow. The network’s properties, permanent record-keeping, decentralised verification, and global accessibility have drawn increasing interest from those seeking to preserve documents, establish provenance, and store data beyond the reach of any single authority.
At $83 to permanently store a foundational legal document on a globally distributed network accessible to anyone on earth, the cost-to-permanence ratio is difficult to match through any other means.
No official statement has been issued by any U.S. government body regarding the inscription.
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